Squares of about 2.25 inches (57 mm) are normally well suited for pieces with the kings in the preferred size range. The length of each side of the squares on the chessboard should be about 1.25–1.3 times the diameter of the base of the king, or 2 to 2.5 inches (51 to 64 mm). This helps in blitz games as the speed of movement doesn't offer enough time or precision in dropping the pieces onto the intended squares. It makes the pieces bottom-heavy and keeps them from toppling easily (a well-weighted piece should come upright even if tilted 60 degrees off vertical axis). This is done by adding weights such as iron studs or lead blocks at the bottom and felted. The pieces should be well balanced such that their center of gravity is closer to the board. The size of the other pieces should be in proportion to the king. The diameter of the king should be 40–50% of its height. A height of about 3.75 to 4 inches (95 to 102 mm) is preferred by most players. United States Chess Federation rules call for a king height between 3.375 to 4.5 inches (85.7 to 114.3 mm). The height of the king should be between 3.35 to 4.13 inches (85 to 105 mm).
Sometimes other materials are used, such as bone, ivory, or a composite material ( Just & Burg 2003:224, 226) harvcol error: no target: CITEREFJustBurg2003 ( help).ġ5th-century Saint Louis Chess set, made of crystalįor actual play, pieces of the Staunton chess set design are standard. Plastic white pieces are made of white or off-white plastic, and plastic black pieces are made of black or red plastic. The knights in wooden sets are usually hand-carved, accounting for half the cost of the set. Sometimes they are made of boxwood and stained or painted black, brown, or red. Black wooden pieces are made of a dark wood such as rosewood, ebony, red sandalwood, African Padauk wood ( African padauk which is similar to red sandalwood and is marketed as Bud Rosewood or Blood Red Rosewood) or walnut. Wooden White chess pieces are normally made of a light wood, boxwood, or sometimes maple. The first Staunton style sets were made in 1849 by Jaques of London (also known as John Jaques of London and Jaques and Son of London) ( Just & Burg 2003:225) harvcol error: no target: CITEREFJustBurg2003 ( help). Chess sets are available in a variety of designs,the most known being the Staunton design, named after Howard Staunton, a 19th-century English chess player, and designed by Nathaniel Cooke. For example, a set of pieces designed for a chessboard with 2.25 inches (57 mm) squares typically have a king around 3.75 inches (95 mm) tall.
Ĭhess pieces used for play are usually figurines that are taller than they are wide. Some works of art are designs of chess sets, such as the modernist chess set by chess enthusiast and dadaist Man Ray, that is on display in the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. Themed designs are generally intended for display purposes rather than actual play ( Hooper & Whyld 1992:76) harvcol error: no target: CITEREFHooperWhyld1992 ( help). The variety of designs available is broad, from small cosmetic changes to highly abstract representations, to themed designs such as those that emulate the drawings from the works of Lewis Carroll, or modern treatments such as Star Trek or The Simpsons. The Clonard chess piece, an historic playing piece depicting a queen seated on a throne, dated from the late 12th-century.
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